Developing risk models and subtypes of autophagy-associated LncRNAs for enhanced prognostic prediction and precision in therapeutic approaches for liver cancer patients.

Background: Limited research has been conducted on the influence of autophagy-associated long non-coding RNAs (ARLncRNAs) on the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: We analyzed 371 HCC samples from TCGA, identifying expression networks of ARLncRNAs using autophagy-related genes. Screening for prognostically relevant ARLncRNAs involved univariate Cox regression, Lasso regression, and multivariate Cox regression. A Nomogram was further employed to assess the reliability of Riskscore, calculated from the signatures of screened ARLncRNAs, in predicting outcomes. Additionally, we compared drug sensitivities in patient groups with differing risk levels and investigated potential biological pathways through enrichment analysis, using consensus clustering to identify subgroups related to ARLncRNAs. Results: The screening process identified 27 ARLncRNAs, with 13 being associated with HCC prognosis. Consequently, a set of signatures comprising 8 ARLncRNAs was successfully constructed as independent prognostic factors for HCC. Patients in the high-risk group showed very poor prognoses in most clinical categories. The Riskscore was closely related to immune cell scores, such as macrophages, and the DEGs between different groups were implicated in metabolism, cell cycle, and mitotic processes. Notably, high-risk group patients demonstrated a significantly lower IC50 for Paclitaxel, suggesting that Paclitaxel could be an ideal treatment for those at elevated risk for HCC. We further identified C2 as the Paclitaxel subtype, where patients exhibited higher Riskscores, reduced survival rates, and more severe clinical progression. Conclusion: The 8 signatures based on ARLncRNAs present novel targets for prognostic prediction in HCC. The drug candidate Paclitaxel may effectively treat HCC by impacting ARLncRNAs expression. With the identification of ARLncRNAs-related isoforms, these results provide valuable insights for clinical exploration of autophagy mechanisms in HCC pathogenesis and offer potential avenues for precision medicine.

Development and Validation of Potential Molecular Subtypes and Signatures of Thyroid Carcinoma Based on Aging-related Gene Analysis.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Thyroid carcinoma (THCA) is a cancer of the endocrine system that most commonly affects women. Aging-associated genes play a critical role in various cancers. Therefore, we aimed to gain insight into the molecular subtypes of thyroid cancer and whether senescence-related genes can predict the overall prognosis of THCA patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thyroid carcinoma (THCA) transcriptome-related expression profiles were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. These profiles were randomly divided into training and validation subsets at a ratio of 1:1. Unsupervised clustering algorithms were used to compare differences between the two subtypes; prognosis-related senescence genes were used to further construct our prognostic models by univariate and multivariate Cox analyses and construct a nomogram to predict the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival probability of THCA patients. In addition, we performed gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to predict the immune microenvironment and somatic mutations between the different risk groups. Finally, real-time PCR was used to verify the expression levels of key model genes. RESULTS: The 'ConsensusClusterPlus' R package was used to cluster thyroid cancer into two categories (Cluster1 and Cluster2) on the basis of 46 differentially expressed aging-related genes (DE-ARGs); patients in Cluster1 demonstrated a better prognosis than those in Cluster2. Cox analysis was used to screen six prognosis-related DE-ARGs. Finally, our real-time PCR results confirmed our hypothesis. CONCLUSION: Differences exist between the two subtypes of thyroid cancer that help guide treatment decisions. The six DE-ARG genes have a high predictive value for risk stratifying THCA patients.

Three new Spinirta species from China (Araneae, Corinnidae), with the first description of the male of S. leigongshanensis Jin & Zhang, 2020.

Three new species of the genus Spinirta Jin & Zhang, 2020 are described from China: S. shenwushanensis sp. nov., S. lanceola sp. nov. and S. caudata sp. nov.. Additionally, the male of S. leigongshanensis Jin & Zhang, 2020 is described for the first time. Finally, we provide an updated distribution map of the genus.

Review of the genus Echinax Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 from China (Araneae: Corinnidae).

The spider genus Echinax Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 is reviewed in China. Two new species, E. breviducta sp. nov. () and E. wuzhishan sp. nov. (), are described and illustrated. The female of E. baisha Lu & Li, 2023 is reported for the first time, and three known species, E. anlongensis Yang, Song & Zhu, 2004, E. oxyopoides (Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995) and E. panache Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001, are illustrated.

Two new species of Corinnomma Karsch, 1880 from Yunnan, China (Araneae: Corinnidae, Castianeirinae).

Two new Corinnomma species from Yunnan, China are described and illustrated in detail: Corinnomma simplex sp. nov. and C. spiralis sp. nov.. A redescription of C. severum is provided and the molecular results of the two new species are presented: C. simplex sp. nov. with a genetic distance of 0.000 and C. spiralis sp. nov. with 0.001.

Resveratrol protects H9c2 cells against hypoxia-induced apoptosis through miR-30d-5p/SIRT1/NF-κB axis.

Previous studies have demonstrated the cardioprotective role of resveratrol (Res). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in the protective role of Res are still largely unknown. H9c2 cells were distributed into five groups: normal condition (Control), DMSO, 20 mMRes (dissolved with DMSO), hypoxia (Hyp), and Res+Hyp. Cell apoptosis was evaluated using flow cytometry and protein analysis of cleaved caspase 3 (cle-caspase 3). qRT-PCR assay was performed to measure the expression of microRNA-30d-5p (miR-30d-5p). MTT assay was performed to evaluate the cell proliferation. The relationship between miR-30d- 5p and silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) was confirmed by luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and western blot assays. Western blot was performed to analyze NF-κB/p65 and I-κBα expressions. Our data showed that hypoxia enhanced apoptosis and NF-κB signaling pathway, which was alleviated by Res treatment. Hypoxia increased the expression of miR-30d-5p while decreased the SIRT1expression, which was also attenuated by Res treatment. Furthermore, miR-30d-5p depletion inhibited the proliferation, reduced apoptosis and decreased the expression of cle-caspase 3 in H9c2 cells with hypoxia treatment. Luciferase reporter, RIP, and western blot assays further confirmed that miR-30d-5p negatively regulated the expression of SIRT1. Interestingly, the rescue-of-function experiments further indicated that knockdown of SIRT1 attenuated the effect of miR-30d-5p depletion on proliferation, apoptosis NF-κB signaling pathway inH9c2 cells with hypoxia treatment. In addition, the suppression of NF-κB signaling pathway increased cell viability while decreased cell apoptosis in hypoxia-mediatedH9c2 cells. Our data suggested Res mayprotectH9c2 cells against hypoxia-induced apoptosis through miR-30d-5p/SIRT1/NF-κB axis.

Bone Marrow Imaging by Third-generation Dual-source Dual-energy CT Using Virtual Noncalcium Technique for Assessment of Diffuse Infiltrative Lesions of Multiple Myeloma.

Objective To evaluate the value of bone marrow imaging by third-generation dual-source dual-energy CT(DSDECT) using virtual noncalcium(VNCa) technique for the assessment of diffuse infiltrative lesions of multiple myeloma(MM). Methods From December 2015 to June 2016,31 patients with plasma disorders at our center were prospectively recruited and received whole-body imaging with third-generation DSDECT and MRI. CT numbers of vertebrae were measured on VNCa images as well as regular CT images. Correlation between VNCa CT numbers and MRI signal intensities of the vertebrae was evaluated. The diagnostic ability of VNCa for MM infiltrative lesions was assessed by ROC analysis,using MRI as the reference standard. Results The mean VNCa CT numbers of vertebrae with MM diffuse infiltration (n=62) were (-13.27±18.96)HU,which were significantly higher than those of non-infiltrated vertebrae[(-63.31±26.75)HU,(n=117)] (Z=-9.731,P=0.000). VNCa CT numbers of vertebrae were negatively correlated with T1WI signal intensity normalized by non-degenerative vertebral discs (rs=-0.592,P=0.000). ROC analysis showed the area under the curve of VNCa for the diagnosis of infiltrative lesions was 0.943. With the cut-off value of-37 HU,the sensitivity and specificity of VNCa were 90.32% and 87.18%,respectively. Conclusion Bone marrow imaging by third-generation DSDECT using VNCa technique is a valuable tool for assessing diffuse infiltrative lesions of MM.

Sociodemographic Factors, Acculturation, and Nutrition Management among Hispanic American Adults with Self-reported Diabetes.

This study aimed to examine whether sociodemographic factors and acculturation affect achievement of selected American Diabetes Association (ADA) nutrition therapy recommendations among Hispanics with diabetes. Cross-sectional data for Hispanics with diabetes in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2010 were used. Achievements of the ADA recommendation for five nutrition components were examined (i.e., daily intake of saturated fat, cholesterol, sodium, and fiber, and daily servings of alcohol). Acculturation measurement derived from language use, country of birth, and length of residence in the U.S. Logistic regressions were performed. Only 49% of Hispanics with diabetes met three or more recommended criteria. Male gender and younger age (≤45) predicted poor recommendation adherence. More acculturated individuals had around 50% lower odds to achieve saturated fat [OR 0.5, CI 0.2-0.7], fiber [OR 0.5, CI 0.2-0.9], sodium [OR 0.5, CI 0.3-0.9] and cholesterol intake [OR 0.5, CI 0.3-0.8] recommendations than their less acculturated counterparts.

L-histidinol reverses resistance to cisplatinum and other antineoplastics in a tumorigenic epithelial cell line.

L-Histidinol protects normal cells from various anticancer drugs, while enhancing the toxicity of the same agents in drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant tumor cells. Here, we report that L-histidinol circumvents a novel form of multiple-drug resistance in the MDCK-T1 line, a tumorigenic derivative of the phenotypically-normal Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) epithelial cell line. Clonogenic cells survival assays showed that, compared to the parental MDCK line, the MDCK-T1 line was resistant to 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (approximately 15 fold), to cisplatinum (approximately 10 fold), to 5-fluorouracil (approximately 10-fold) and to cytosine arabinoside (approximately 15-fold). L-Histidinol reversed the resistance of MDCK-T1 cells to these anticancer drugs while protecting the parental MDCK line from these agents. These studies indicate that L-histidinol reverses a unique form of drug-resistance in MDCK-T1 cells by a mechanism dependent upon protein synthesis inhibition.